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KMID : 1103920110170030213
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Korean Journal of Hepatology
2011 Volume.17 No. 3 p.213 ~ p.219
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Effect of aldosterone on the amplification of oncolytic vaccinia virus in human cancer lines
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Lee Hyun-Ju
Rho Ja-Sung
Gui Shao-Ran
Kim Mi-Kyung
Lee Yu-Kyoung
Lee Yeon-Sook
Kim Jeong-Eun
Cho Eun-A
Cho Mong
Hwang Tae-Ho
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Abstract
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Background/Aims:JX-594 is an oncolytic virus derived from the Wyeth vaccinia strain that causes replication-dependent cytolysis and antitumor immunity. Starting with a cross-examination of clinical-trial samples from advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients having high levels of aldosterone and virus amplification in JX-594 treatment, we investigated the association between virus amplification and aldosterone in human cancer cell lines.
Methods:Cell proliferation was determined by a cell-counting-kit-based colorimetric assay, and vaccinia virus quantitation was performed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and a viral plaque assay. Also, the intracellular pH was measured using a pH-sensitive dye.
Results:Simultaneous treatment with JX-594 and aldosterone significantly increased viral replication in A2780, PC-3, and HepG2 cell lines, but not in U2OS cell lines. Furthermore, the aldosterone treatment time altered the JX-594 replication according to the cell line. The JX-594 replication peaked after 48 and 24 hours of treatment in PC-3 and HepG2 cells, respectively. qPCR showed that JX-594 entry across the plasma membrane was increased, however, the changes are not significant by the treatment. This was inhibited by treatment with spironolactone (an aldosterone-receptor inhibitor). JX-594 entry was significantly decreased by treatment with EIPA [5-(N-ethyl-N-isopropyl)amiloride; a Na+/H+-exchange inhibitor], but aldosterone significantly restored JX-594 entry even in the presence of EIPA. Intracellular alkalization was observed after aldosterone treatment but was acidified by EIPA treatment.
Conclusions:Aldosterone stimulates JX-594 amplification via increased virus entry by affecting the H+ gradient.
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KEYWORD
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Aldosterone, Vaccinia virus, Mineralocorticoid receptor, pH, Virus entry
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